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Eksioglu |
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For cave maps and drawings please click on the picture... |
For photographs please click on the photo... |
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Type: |
Cave | |||
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Altitude: |
m | |||
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Depth: |
-18 m | |||
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Length: |
75 m | |||
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Region: |
Marmara | |||
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Province: |
Istanbul | |||
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District: |
Sile | |||
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Village: |
Çayirbasi | |||
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| Location: |
| Structural Properties and formation : Eskioglu Cave and Doline is formed in aged limestones in white color in Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian). The thick layers of 40-50 cm having a slope of 40 degrees towards the direction of southeast involves pelagic organisms comprising Foraminifer (Globigerina), spicules of sponge and radios [Baykal 1943]. Eksioglu Doline or Cave situates on the east of 81 m- hill in 2 km west of Cayirbasi Village. It is a doline formed in abraded karstic formations developed on west subjects of Kargacik Creek. In this branch of valley tectonic motions disengaging the creek and cave by the affect of reverse fault [Gokcek 1980] causes corrosive impacts to become important. Cave at the attitude of 40m is a closed depression to be seen from the road of Sile-Agva. The reason why it is a particular complex in karstic morphology in environs of Sile can easily be understood by the being of a lapped diaclasis and a crack laying on slope and the active gallery at the bottom of the doline. Elliptic doline has a length of 200m and a width of 80m. In the northeast of cave there exists a low 45 m-neck. Its environs is surrounded by hillside in varying attitudes from 80m to 120m. The doline has a slope of 40 degrees. The base of the doline is covered with brown forest soil. That the base of the doline is not swampy and reedy proves that water on surface inflows to middle point of doline formed like a particular pit through underground levels. Thus, there is an abraded pothole laying along the fault among trees in the middle of the elliptic doline meeting the mouth of the Eksioglu Cave as the deepest place of doline. The blocks and depressions has also a contribution on the development of the cave. The chimney-ponor after elongating 1m to west deepens 10m of descent vertically. The ponor having 70-80 cm of width, elongates along galleries to such directions to north, east and west. After 5m of distance, west gallery splits into two branches and ends up with mud blocking any pass. East gallery of which height allows him/her to stand on, just in 10m of distance gallery turns into north direction. Height at first decreasing and forcing him/her to crawl, then allows to pass gallery on stood. The other passage or a branch in east gallery elongates to the east direction. This ascending branch lastly rises to surface with a thin ponor. The north and proper gallery elongating 15-20m of distance has a height of 1,5-2m. There exists well rounded pebbles brought from surface by the water. These pebbles were also encountered to be attached on wall by cement. At the ceiling there are a few small stalactites in about 2-3 cm. After 20m of distance, the base of north gallery, though, is covered with thin mud, the left branch gives a better and a crawl 10 m-passage to the north side. The ceiling is covered by small stalactites. After a crawl of 5m, the gallery enlarges and opens to a pool. The gallery has a height of 2-2,5m. The right branch of the gallery to be passed by a crawl was not surveyed. The underground water outflows to surface at the edge of the plain. Thus, the cave is formed in an aged karstic unity belonging to youth Plio-Quaternary period. Hydrology: The semi-active cave turns into a watery cave in rainy season. |
| Research History: Cave was discovered and mapped by Evren, N. Karstic abraded sinkhole, Eksioglu Doline, was named as Sile Waste yard with an acreage of 1 square km in short time, in 1995. After the survey of Evren, the mouth of the sinkhole was assessed and Eksioglu Cave was discovered. The authorities were warned about the location of waste yard, therefore Cayirbasi was again decided to be utilized as waste yard; thus, the pollution of water by Eksioglu Cave was prevented. |
| Findings: There exists a brown spider in cave. |
