|
©The Archaeological Settlements of Turkey - TAY Project
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ivriz Kabartmasi |
|
|
For site maps and drawings please click on the picture...  |
For photographs please click on the photo...  |
|
Type:
|
Sanctuary |
|
Altitude:
|
m |
|
Region:
|
Central Anatolia |
|
Province:
|
Konya |
|
District:
|
Halkapinar |
|
Village:
|
Ivriz |
|
Investigation Method:
|
Survey |
|
Period:
|
|
|
|
|
  |
|
| Location: It was found in the Ivriz Village of the Halkapinar District in Konya, standing on the rocks near an abundant spring at Ivriz, 15 km southeast of the Eregli District. |
| Geography and Environment: |
| History: |
| Research and Excavation: The monument was brought to the Museum of Eregli in 1988. Another similar monument was found in 1990 during some excavations carried out in Eregli. |
| Stratigraphy: The monument depicts one of the late Hittite kings, Warpalawas, the King of Tuwana. In the neighbourghood, there is a second monument, which appears to be a replication, but smaller and with no inscription, on the rocks at the strait called Ambarderesi. The Ivriz Relief is one of the most important monuments of the Late Hittite art. |
| Small Finds: Statue/Relief: The relief depicts two male figures. Based on the Hittite hieroglyphs on the frontal surface and a multi-horned crown, the large figure appears to have been depicting the thunder god Tarhunzas, which was worshipped by the Luwians in this region. The smaller figure across him is the King Warpalawas, adoring and worshipping the god. The god holds bunches of grapes in his right hand, and a sheaf of wheat in his left hand. The long stems of the sheafs reach down foot of the relief. The wheat and bunches of grapes in the god's hands indicate that he was also a god of plants. It is already known from the religious texts during the Great Hittite Kingdom that Telepinu, one of the sons of the Thunder God, is related with plants and farming. E. Akurgal indicates that the stylization on the hair and beard of both figures and the god's crown as well as their enormous and curved noses bear Aramaean influences. The embroidery of the King's clothing suggests a close relationship with the Aramaean style of dresses found at Zincirli Sakçagözü. In addition to Aramaean influences, the Ivriz Relief bears traces from the Hittite Period of the 2nd Millennium BC and contemporary Phrygian influences of the 1st Milennium BC. The extremities of the chunky body in the relief of the god represent the 2nd Millennium BC while his belt is similar to the Phrygian belts in metal. The structure of the god's body, and details in his clothing are reflections of the Great Hittite Kingdom period. His gait position resembles that of the gods at Yazilikaya. While the garment worn by the King Warpalawas with fringed skirts and his overcoat with fringed edges reflect Aramean influence, the garment was fastened with a Phrygian fibula in front. Similarly, his earrings, necklace of large beads and bracelet reflect Aramean influence. The King Warpalawas who erected the Ivriz Monument and was depicted in this monument is the King Urballa, who was referred in the Assyrian texts at the time of Tiglath-pileser III. Furthermore, Urballa mentioned in a Nimrud tablet actually refers to Warpalawas, the King of Tuwana, who is one of the Tabalian kings wo paid tribute to Assyria according to the Assyrian documents. A stele of Warpalawas found at Bor shares similarities with the Ivriz Relief. Another Hittite hieroglyph found at the ancient city of Tyanitis near Nigde mentions the name of King Warpalawas. Based on all these texts, it seems that Warpalawas ruled between 738 and 710 BC. However, the Ivriz Relief was carved out around 730 BC. It is similar to some artefacts found at Zincirli and Sakçagözü. E. Akurgal suggests that the monument might have been erected at 720 BC depending on the Phrygian fibula and the belt of the king's clothing. Futhermore, the decorative patterns of the Ivriz Relief were adopted by the Phrygians, and then by the Ionians in the west through Phrygians. Similarly, a stele with inscriptions and relief figures, seemingly contemporary with this monument, was found again at Ivriz. |
| Remains: |
| Interpretation and Dating: |
