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©The Archaeological Settlements of Turkey - TAY Project
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Ulus Hamami |
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Type:
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Bath |
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Plan Type:
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Unknown |
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Year of Costruction:
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Phase:
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Early |
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Investigation Method:
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Excavation Restoration |
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Altitude:
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Region:
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Central Anatolia |
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Province:
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Ankara |
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District:
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Altindag |
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Village:
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Ulus |
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Antique Name:
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Ankyra |
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| Location: It is located on the street extending from Ulus Square to Diskapi in Altindag District of Ankara Province. |
| Geography and Environment: Located to the center of the city, the structure is situated in the archaeological park on the plateau above the street level [Akok 1968:5]. |
| Research and Excavation: The findings, found during the road construction conducted in 1931, were examined by K. Bittel from German Archaeological Institute. The archaeological studies were carried out by R.O. Arik. In 1938-39, the area called "Çankiri Kapi Höyügü" was excavated by Faculty of Languages History and Geography of Ankara University accompanied by Hamit Kosay (The Ministry of National Education, General Directorate of Museums). N. Dolunay, accompanied by Hamit Kosay, in 1940-1943, continued the excavations. The remains discovered during the foundation excavations in the vicinity in 1944-1947 were documented and published by M. Akok and his team. The restoration studies were conducted by Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in 1955 and salvage excavations were carried out. The area was transformed into an archaeological park. Also, M. Akok suggested restitution [Akok 1968:5-6,11-12; Temizsoy-Esen-Atesogullari 2003:145]. |
| Description: Architectural Features: The bath belonging to the Roman Period underwent a change in the Byzantine Period. The brick-dust shows that the Frigidarium section was used during the Byzantine Period. The hot section was used in the Byzantine Period as well. Also, the angled baths were removed and the tubs were placed in the Byzantine Period. The hot and cold water containers were built as well [Akok 1968:8-9]. Traces of Roman, Byzantine and Seljuk periods were discovered on the Phrygian settlement in this area. In this area called Çankiri Kapi Höyügü, the remains of Byzantine city wall that were mainly built with spolia material belonging to the Roman Period were found [Akok 1955:316-317; Akok 1968:6-7]. During the excavations carried out in the narrow area by the museum in 2001, a lavatrina or a part of the lower gallery of a hypocaust heated bath belonging to the Late Roman / Early Byzantine period (?) were recovered. The floor of this room was paved with bricks and supporting bricks belonging to the hypocaust system were found. The remains show that two rows in the lower section were built with square brick and round brick were used in the upper section [TemizsoyÐEsenÐAtesogullari 2003: 148]. During the excavations, the walls of the bath and the water channels that were used in various periods were encountered as well [Foss 1977:63]. |
| Finds: Among the findings recovered during the excavations carried out by the museum, there are Byzantine wares and coins belonging to the Early Byzantine Period [Dolunay 1941:Pl.LXXXI/2; TemizsoyÐEsenÐAtesogullari 2003:149; Foss 1977:63]. |
| Interpretation: |
| Destruction: |
